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Until relatively recently, much of the world’s decarbonisation attention has been on the electricity sector. The focus was natural because, firstly, the sector is a large contributor to global greenhouse-gas emissions, and secondly, it is relatively easy to transition. Especially now where after two decades of continuous cost reductions and technology improvements the cost of carbon-free electricity from wind and solar photovoltaics (PV) are by far the lowest new-build options in almost any power system. As a direct result of having eliminated the economic trade-off between clean and cheap power, electricity is emerging as the fuel of the future for the energy sector as a whole. Serious initiatives are now under way to deploy increasingly decarbonised and ultra-cheap electricity in support of decarbonisation efforts in sectors such as transportation, heating and cooling, as well as the heavy-industry sector.